森林土壤标准物质的研究——样品的采集、制备与均匀度、稳定性检验

本文报道了按照森林土壤标准物质要求采集的二个土壤样品（碱性土－碱灰性褐土；酸性土－黄红壤）和一个植物样品（杉木叶）的制备过程，粒径2mm的土壤样品采用Y型混样，0．149mm的土壤和0．177mm的植物样品采用高铝瓷球磨制备，土壤样品用高湿灭活，植物样品用^60Co辐射灭活，在二年测定标准样品稳定性和同时进行标准样品中微生物类群和数量的分析。土壤、植物标准样品的均匀性和稳定性采用数理统计方法检验，其结果均达到标准物质要求。     

不同整地方法对木豆植株生长及结实的影响

对印度引进的木豆晚熟品种ICP70 35 ,在怒江六库进行了不同整地方法的造林试验。试验结果表明 :木豆的单株产量以全垦整地方法为最高达 0 0 6 4kg/株 ,打塘整地方法最低为 0 0 38kg/株。通过投入与产出的经济效益分析 ,得出木豆单位面积的经济效益以全垦整地最高为 3773 2 0元 /hm2 ,种植沟整地次之为 2 932 6 0元 /hm2 ,打塘整地最低为 1971 90元 /hm2 。因此 ,在坡度较平缓、土层深厚的地块 ,宜采用全垦整地方法种植木豆 ;在坡度较大的地带 ,为最大程度地减少水土流失 ,宜采用打塘整地方法种植木豆。     

Site preparation: Water relations and growth of newly planted jack pine and white spruce

Bareroot jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) were planted near Elliot Lake, Ontario, on a boreal reforestation site. Site preparation treatments were mixed, mineral and undisturbed (i.e., control) soil. Seedling water relations and growth were examined during the first field season. During the first 28 days after planting, jack pine base (i.e., predawn) and minimum xylem water potential readings were more negative in the control site preparation treatment. White spruce, during the first 10 days, in all site preparation treatments had base and minimum xylem water potential readings more negative than –1.7 MPa. By day 28 base xylem water potentials of white spruce had increased to approximately –1.0 MPa in all site preparation treatments. As the growing season progressed, white spruce minimum xylem water potential readings ceased exceeding the measured turgor loss point first in the mixed followed by the mineral and then control site preparation treatment. Jack pine minimum xylem water potential readings, in all site preparation treatments, almost never exceeded the measured turgor loss point. Water stress and stomatal optimization integrals, day 28 and 125, for both species showed least water stress and greater stomatal optimization in the mixed, mineral and control site preparation treatments, respectively. Both species had less new root growth in the field during the first 28 days after planting compared to seedlings grown for 28 days in a greenhouse for root growth capacity testing. Root growth at 28 days and both shoot and root development at the end of the growing season, were greatest to least in mixed, mineral, and control site preparation treatments, respectively.     

锥栗干制研究Ⅰ.锥栗鲜果中坏粒剔除研究

对锥栗干制品制作中所产生的原料坏粒剔除进行了研究。实验结果表明 ,通过对原料抽样比较 ,测定坏果率的含量 ,得出最佳抽样数量 ,使样品的检测结果具有代表性 ;通过对个体坏果比重的测定 ,得出总体坏果的比重 ,能最大限度剔除坏果 ;通过盐水浓度的选择 ,剔除鲜果中的坏果 ,从而保证了成品的质量。     

TCP植物蒸腾抑制剂的研制

介绍了TCP植物蒸腾抑制剂的配方组成，以及水剂、粉剂的使用方法和影响因素。     

Interactions between soil scarification and Norway spruce seedling types

Interactions between scarification treatments and seedling types of Norway spruce were examined at two different locations in southern Sweden. The scarification treatments were not scarified control, mounding and soil inversion and the seedling types were a 10 week-old containerized seedling (mini seedling), a 2 year-old containerized seedling and a 2 year-old hybrid seedling, grown as a containerized seedling the first year and as a bare-root seedling the second year. Site preparation intensity had a greater effect on the mini seedlings. The results indicated that mini seedlings established faster in the soil inversion treatment compared to the larger seedling types. At the same seedling age, the mini seedlings had faster or similar growth rate as the containerized and the hybrid seedlings regardless of scarification treatment. Although mini seedlings grew as well as or even better than larger seedlings if they were successfully established, they were more sensitive to their planting environment and proper handling was critical. Problems with frost heaving and competing vegetation have to be taken into consideration when choosing site preparation method and seedling type.     

不同整地方式对造林质量的影响

在黑龙江省半干旱地区通过全面整地、开沟整地、穴状整地和不整地对樟子松、云杉、落叶松和银中杨的造林成活率、保存率以及树高和地径生长量影响的试验研究,结果表明:开沟整地可大大提高针叶树的造林成活率和保存率,同时可有效提高樟子松和云杉的林木生长量。     

整地施肥对I-69杨人工林生长效应的研究

在淮北平原宿县,通过大穴整地、施肥改良砂姜黑土、营造Ⅰ-69杨的五年试验证明,大穴整地当年效应明显(径、高增长19.8%、91.8%);头二年肥效不显;第三年起N肥、有机肥、N×有机肥交互作用效应极显著(材积增加77%),施P+K肥效应较差,N+K肥和N+P肥经济效益较高,投入/产出为1/6.22和1/3.78;材积增加60%和58%。整地加施肥综合效益明显,有效施肥占综合效益85.1%～88.8%。     

桃金娘澄清果汁的研制

对桃金娘澄清果汁的加工工艺进行试验研究，是在对桃金娘果实的主要化学成分及其加工特性进行分析的基础上进行的，主要包括多种果汁澄清方法的对比试验研究以及采用正交试验与模糊综合评判相结合的方法所进行的果汁配方优化组合研究并研制出了桃金娘澄清果汁的最优配方及科学合理的加工工艺．     

金莲花植物成分及其药剂的研究进展

综述了金莲花的植物学及植物化学、成分分析、药理作用、临床应用及制剂等方面的研究状况，并对目前研究存在的问题及以后的发展前景进行了讨论。